Oct 21

Articles

Examining the Predicament of Sikhs and Hindus in Afghanistan
Akshaya Saroha

Hindus and Sikhs have become increasingly susceptible to religious discrimination and violence in Afghanistan. Institutionalized discrimination and social exclusion have made them wary of their future in the country where they have lived for centuries. The dwindling population of Afghan Sikhs and Hindus is a testimony to the fact that it is the failure of the government to extend protection to their faith and religious freedom and the asphyxiating majoritarianism tendency, which is causing their mass exodus. According to one estimate, during the 1970s, the population of Hindus and Sikhs was around 250,000, which has now come down to below 1,100. Therefore, the focal point of the paper is to evaluate the status of their human rights and the possible remedies for their survival as refugees. Besides, the institutional mechanisms of the Afghan Constitution for the minorities shall be analyzed in a retrospective and prospective manner.

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Life of Syrian Refugees: From Syrian Civil War to the Jordan Compact - A Case Study of Zaatari Camp
Jogita Rajbongshi and Madhumati Deshpande

The Syrian refugee crisis is the largest humanitarian crisis of our generation. The Civil War had left a lot of families seeking refuge in other countries to escape the dreadful fate that awaited them. The neighboring countries, as a goodwill gesture, started accommodating this huge influx of people, however, they found it difficult to cope with the expanding strain on their own economies. Syria's neighbor Jordan, today, hosts the largest Syrian refugee camp in the world, the Zaatari camp. Over the last few years, the refugees in Zaatari camp have encountered several non-overlapping sets of multidimensional problems, which has made the system evolve in unprecedented ways. The paper addresses the changes that have occurred in Zaatari camp starting from the advent of refugees in the camps to the newly established Jordan Compact. This paper tries to accumulate all scattered data together and highlight how despite all the efforts by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), refugees live a vulnerable life with their condition worse than that of prisoners.

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India and China in Sri Lanka: Power Contestations for Strategic Space
Mansi Mishra

Emerging world powers tend to compete over having a penetrating influence in the countries which remain pivotal to their strategic and economic interests. Sri Lanka is one of the most influential neighbors of India, primarily because of its strategic location in the Indian Ocean, which plays a significant role in India's foreign policy. From this standpoint, when powers meet at a commonplace, fissures are bound to get generated in the process. Due to the two emerging powers' deep interest in the region, Sri Lanka plays a collaborative role between the two rival giants, India and China. China wants to expand its regional connectivity and maritime competitiveness in the region, while India is trying to better its relations with all the neighboring states to proclaim the role of a leader in South Asia. The divergence of interests of China and India is conspicuous in the littoral state of Sri Lanka. Both powers meet in Sri Lanka in the charged dynamics of South Asian politics. The strategic location of Sri Lanka forms the bedrock of security and has a significant bearing on the economic prosperity of these countries. The paper aims to trace the scope of India's competition and cooperation in the South Asian region while analyzing the role of Sri Lanka in it. It also dwells on the prospects of China's growing economic intervention in Sri Lanka as a threat to the Indian security apparatus.

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Networks of Multilateral Imperialism: The Politics of Foreign Aid and the State of Sub-Saharan Africa
Temitope Peter Ola

This is a broad examination of the issue of foreign aid in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), looking at the states of SSA and attempting to understand the international hegemony and power that drives it. The paper focuses specifically on foreign aid as a socioeconomic instrument in the dynamics of (dis)empowerment, subordination, and economic crisis using the debt burden to explain not just the overall challenge of multilateral imperialism but also the nature of impact it has on the states in SSA. The paper concludes by making a case for alternative objectives of international financial institutions for international development.

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